Breach Notification & Forensic Recovery • Raleigh, NC

Data Breach Response Services in Raleigh, NC

North Carolina's Identity Theft Protection Act imposes strict notification timelines when personal data is compromised. Petronella Technology Group, Inc. delivers end-to-end data breach response for Raleigh organizations, from initial forensic containment through regulatory notification, evidence preservation, and full operational recovery. When every hour matters, our local team arrives on-site faster than any national provider and guides you through the legal, technical, and reputational complexities unique to doing business in the Triangle.

Trusted Since 2002 • BBB Accredited Since 2003 • 2,500+ Clients • Zero Breaches

Why Speed Matters

What a Breach Costs Raleigh Businesses Without Rapid Response

The NC Identity Theft Protection Act (NCGS 75-61 and 75-65) creates legal obligations that begin the moment you discover a breach. Delays multiply financial, legal, and reputational damage.

NC Notification Deadlines

NCGS 75-65 requires notification to affected individuals without unreasonable delay. When more than 1,000 North Carolina residents are impacted, you must also notify the NC Attorney General and major credit bureaus. Missing these windows triggers enforcement actions and amplifies class-action exposure.

Evidence Preservation

Forensically sound evidence collection is essential for insurance claims, law-enforcement cooperation, and litigation defense. Every hour without proper chain-of-custody procedures risks volatile evidence loss from RAM, log rotation, or attacker anti-forensics techniques that overwrite artifacts.

Financial Containment

The average data breach costs organizations over $4.8 million nationally in 2026. For Raleigh businesses in healthcare, financial services, or government contracting, sector-specific penalties layer on top. Rapid containment prevents lateral movement that transforms a single-endpoint compromise into an enterprise-wide catastrophe.

Reputation Recovery

In Raleigh's tight-knit business community, from the Chamber of Commerce to Triangle tech meetups, word travels fast. Proactive breach communication managed by experienced response professionals protects client relationships and demonstrates the accountability that partners and regulators expect.

Data Breach Response Built for North Carolina's Regulatory Landscape

Raleigh sits at the intersection of state government operations, Research Triangle technology enterprises, major healthcare systems like WakeMed and UNC Health, financial institutions anchored by First Citizens BancShares, and a defense-contractor ecosystem feeding Fort Liberty and federal agencies. Each vertical stores massive volumes of personally identifiable information, protected health information, and financial records governed by overlapping breach notification laws.

The NC Identity Theft Protection Act (NCGS Chapter 75, Article 2A) defines personal information broadly to include Social Security numbers, driver's license numbers, financial account information, and biometric data. Businesses that experience a breach involving these data types must notify affected individuals without unreasonable delay. When more than 1,000 residents are involved, notifications to the Attorney General's Consumer Protection Division and major credit bureaus become mandatory. Violations expose organizations to enforcement by the NC Attorney General.

Petronella Technology Group, Inc. has provided breach response services to Raleigh businesses since 2002. Craig Petronella, our founder, is a Licensed Digital Forensic Examiner with 30+ years of experience who has led hundreds of investigations across healthcare, legal, financial, and technology sectors. We leverage artificial intelligence and machine learning to accelerate forensic triage, using pattern-recognition algorithms to identify indicators of compromise across terabytes of log data in hours. Our AI-powered security services enable automated timeline reconstruction and anomaly detection that compresses investigation timelines dramatically.

What separates Petronella Technology Group, Inc. from national firms is proximity. We are not a fly-in team. Our engineers live in the Triangle, arrive on-site within hours, maintain relationships with NC law-enforcement cyber divisions, and remain your partner long after the incident is resolved.

Our Services

Comprehensive Breach Response Capabilities

Every phase of breach response, from first detection through long-term hardening, delivered by Raleigh's most experienced forensic team.

Immediate Containment and Forensic Triage

The first hours after breach discovery determine whether an incident remains a contained security event or escalates into a business-threatening catastrophe. Our containment protocol begins with network segmentation to isolate affected systems from the broader environment. We deploy forensic imaging tools that capture volatile memory, running processes, network connections, and system state before any evidence degrades. For Raleigh organizations with hybrid cloud environments spanning on-premises data centers and AWS, Azure, or GCP deployments, our team simultaneously captures cloud-native artifacts including CloudTrail logs, VPC flow logs, and container runtime data.

Forensic triage rapidly determines the scope of compromise. We examine authentication logs to identify unauthorized access, review file-system timestamps to map attacker activity, analyze malware samples in isolated sandboxes, and correlate indicators of compromise across endpoint detection platforms. Our AI-powered log correlation engine processes millions of events to construct an attack timeline that would take human analysts days to assemble manually. This accelerated triage gives your leadership team the answers they need to make informed decisions about notification obligations, public communications, and business continuity within the first twenty-four hours.

For Raleigh healthcare providers subject to HIPAA, we specifically identify whether electronic protected health information was accessed or exfiltrated, enabling your compliance team to determine whether the HIPAA breach notification rule's sixty-day clock has been triggered. For defense contractors handling CUI, we assess whether CMMC incident-reporting requirements apply and prepare the documentation required for DIBCAC notification.

NC Breach Notification Compliance and Attorney General Reporting

NCGS 75-65 requires notification without unreasonable delay, including a description of the incident, the types of personal information involved, remedial steps taken, credit-bureau contact information, and NC Attorney General contact details. When more than 1,000 residents are affected, you must also notify the Attorney General's Consumer Protection Division and three nationwide consumer-reporting agencies.

Our team manages the entire notification workflow: drafting legally compliant letters reviewed by your counsel, coordinating credit-monitoring vendors, printing and mailing notices, establishing call centers, and filing regulatory reports.

We also navigate the intersection of NC state law with federal requirements. HIPAA imposes a separate sixty-day timeline. Defense contractors face DFARS 252.204-7012 reporting. Financial institutions answer to GLBA interagency guidance. Our team ensures you satisfy all obligations simultaneously.

Digital Forensic Investigation and Evidence Preservation

Our Licensed Digital Forensic Examiners reconstruct the complete attack narrative: initial access, privilege escalation, lateral movement, persistence mechanisms, data staging, and exfiltration channels. This timeline identifies every compromised system and dataset for notification scoping, provides court-admissible evidence for litigation, and reveals the security gaps that must be remediated.

Our Raleigh forensic lab uses write-blockers for disk forensics, captures memory dumps from live systems, preserves network packet captures, and extracts cloud artifacts from API logs. Every artifact is documented with cryptographic hash verification and chain-of-custody records meeting North Carolina court evidentiary standards.

Craig Petronella serves as an expert witness in cybercrime cases for law firms across North Carolina, bridging the gap between technical investigation and legal strategy. Our reports are written for judges, juries, insurance adjusters, and regulators who need clear, defensible conclusions.

Ransomware Response and Encrypted Data Recovery

Modern ransomware groups practice double extortion, encrypting systems while exfiltrating data to pressure payment. Our response addresses both vectors: isolating affected systems, identifying the variant, checking decryption-key databases, and restoring from verified clean backups. Simultaneously, we investigate what data was exfiltrated and determine notification obligations.

For Raleigh healthcare organizations, ransomware encrypting electronic health records creates immediate patient-safety concerns. We prioritize clinical system restoration and navigate HHS reporting requirements. HIPAA's ransomware guidance presumes a breach when ePHI is encrypted, placing the burden on covered entities to demonstrate otherwise through forensic evidence.

Our Raleigh facility includes air-gapped backup verification and clean-room rebuild environments. We rebuild from known-clean images, apply hardened configurations, validate data integrity, and conduct threat-hunting sweeps before reconnecting to production.

AI-Powered Threat Intelligence and Attack Attribution

Understanding who attacked you and how they operate is critical for effective defense. Our threat-intelligence team leverages machine learning models trained on global attack data to correlate indicators of compromise from your environment with known threat-actor campaigns. This attribution analysis identifies whether you were targeted by a nation-state group, a financially motivated criminal organization, a ransomware-as-a-service affiliate, or an opportunistic attacker exploiting a recently disclosed vulnerability.

Attribution informs response strategy. Nation-state actors targeting Raleigh defense contractors or government agencies often maintain persistent access through multiple backdoors; our threat-hunting team systematically identifies and eliminates every persistence mechanism. Financially motivated groups typically move faster but leave more forensic artifacts; our AI-driven analysis rapidly maps their lateral movement. Ransomware affiliates follow predictable playbooks that our team has documented across hundreds of engagements, allowing us to anticipate their next move and cut off exfiltration before the threat actor can leverage stolen data.

We share anonymized threat intelligence with law-enforcement partners including the FBI's Raleigh field office, the NC State Bureau of Investigation's Cyber Crime Unit, and sector-specific Information Sharing and Analysis Centers. This collaboration strengthens the broader security community while providing your organization with intelligence feeds that improve your ongoing defenses. Our AI-powered services platform continuously ingests these feeds to update detection signatures and behavioral models in real time.

Post-Breach Remediation and Security Hardening

Without comprehensive remediation, the same vulnerabilities remain available for exploitation. Our post-breach program addresses every gap identified during investigation: network segmentation to limit lateral movement, endpoint detection and response deployment, Active Directory hardening, vulnerability remediation, and enhanced monitoring to detect future incidents faster.

For regulated Raleigh organizations, remediation must satisfy examiner expectations. HIPAA-covered entities face HHS OCR corrective action plans. Financial institutions face examiner scrutiny. Government contractors must demonstrate gap closure to contracting officers. We build documentation that satisfies regulators while delivering genuine security improvement.

Our hardening program includes security awareness training, tabletop exercises simulating realistic breach scenarios, updated incident-response plans incorporating lessons learned, and ongoing monitoring through our managed security operations center.

Our Process

From Discovery to Recovery in Four Phases

A battle-tested breach response methodology refined across hundreds of engagements since 2002

1

Activate and Contain

Upon engagement, our response team deploys within hours to your Raleigh facility or connects remotely to begin containment. We isolate compromised systems, preserve volatile evidence, activate forensic imaging protocols, and establish secure communication channels with your legal counsel and executive leadership. The goal is to stop the bleeding without destroying evidence.

2

Investigate and Scope

Our forensic analysts reconstruct the full attack timeline using disk forensics, memory analysis, log correlation, and threat intelligence. We identify every affected system, every compromised account, and every dataset accessed or exfiltrated. This scoping phase determines your notification obligations under NCGS 75-65 and any applicable federal regulations.

3

Notify and Communicate

We manage the full notification lifecycle: drafting legally compliant letters for NC Attorney General and individual notifications, coordinating credit-monitoring services, establishing call centers, preparing public communications, and filing required reports with regulators. Every notification is reviewed by your legal team before distribution.

4

Recover and Harden

We rebuild compromised systems from clean baselines, implement security controls that address every vulnerability identified during investigation, deploy enhanced monitoring, and conduct verification sweeps to confirm the attacker has been fully eradicated. Post-incident review produces an actionable lessons-learned report and an updated incident-response plan.

Why Petronella Technology Group, Inc.

Raleigh's Most Experienced Breach Response Team

30+ Years of Cybersecurity Expertise

Craig Petronella brings more than three decades of hands-on cybersecurity experience to every breach engagement. As a NC Licensed Digital Forensics Examiner (License# 604180-DFE), CMMC Certified Registered Practitioner, Cybersecurity Expert Witness, Hyperledger Certified, and MIT-certified cybersecurity professional, he has led forensic investigations across every major industry vertical represented in the Research Triangle.

Local Raleigh Presence Since 2002

Unlike national incident-response firms that fly teams in from out of state, Petronella Technology Group, Inc. operates from our Raleigh headquarters at 5540 Centerview Dr. Our engineers arrive on-site within hours, maintain established relationships with NC law-enforcement cyber units, and understand the Triangle's unique business ecosystem.

AI-Accelerated Forensics

Our AI and machine learning capabilities compress forensic timelines from weeks to hours. ML-powered log correlation identifies attack patterns across millions of events. Automated malware analysis classifies samples and extracts indicators of compromise. Natural language processing summarizes forensic findings for executive briefings.

Multi-Regulatory Expertise

We navigate the intersection of NC Identity Theft Protection Act, HIPAA, CMMC, PCI DSS, GLBA, SOX, SOC 2, and FTC Safeguards Rule requirements simultaneously. One breach may trigger obligations under five or more frameworks. Our team ensures you satisfy all of them without duplicating effort or missing deadlines.

FAQ

Data Breach Response Questions for Raleigh Businesses

What triggers breach notification under North Carolina law?

Under NCGS 75-65, notification is required when there is unauthorized access to or acquisition of unencrypted or unredacted personal information that compromises the security, confidentiality, or integrity of that information. Personal information includes Social Security numbers, driver's license numbers, state ID numbers, passport numbers, employer taxpayer identification numbers, financial account numbers with access codes, digital signatures, biometric data, and medical information. If the compromised data was encrypted and the encryption key was not also compromised, notification may not be required, though a documented risk assessment should still be conducted.

How quickly must we notify affected individuals in North Carolina?

NCGS 75-65 requires notification without unreasonable delay, consistent with the legitimate needs of law enforcement and any measures necessary to determine the scope of the breach and restore the reasonable integrity of the data system. While North Carolina does not specify a hard calendar deadline like some states, regulatory guidance and enforcement precedent make clear that delays beyond sixty days are likely to be considered unreasonable absent documented law-enforcement requests. We recommend targeting notification within forty-five days to provide a comfortable compliance margin.

Do we need to notify the NC Attorney General after a breach?

Yes, when the breach affects more than 1,000 North Carolina residents. NCGS 75-65 requires notification to the Consumer Protection Division of the Attorney General's office and to the three major consumer-reporting agencies (Equifax, Experian, TransUnion). The notification must include the timing, distribution, and content of the notice sent to individuals. Our team prepares and files these notifications on your behalf, coordinating with your legal counsel to ensure accuracy.

How does Petronella Technology Group, Inc. use AI during breach investigations?

Our AI-powered forensic platform accelerates every phase of investigation. Machine learning models correlate millions of log entries to identify anomalous authentication patterns, unusual data-transfer volumes, and suspicious process executions that signal attacker activity. Natural language processing extracts and summarizes findings from unstructured data sources including email, chat logs, and documents. Automated malware reverse-engineering classifies samples and generates detection signatures within minutes. These capabilities compress investigation timelines from weeks to days, reducing your exposure window and notification delays. Learn more about our AI-driven security services.

What should we do in the first hour after discovering a breach?

First, do not power off or reboot affected systems, as this destroys volatile evidence in memory. Isolate compromised systems from the network by disconnecting Ethernet cables or disabling Wi-Fi, but leave them powered on. Document everything you observe with timestamps. Activate your incident-response team and legal counsel. Contact Petronella Technology Group, Inc. at 919-348-4912 for immediate breach-response engagement. Do not communicate about the breach over potentially compromised email systems. Do not attempt to negotiate with ransomware operators without professional guidance.

Will our cyber insurance cover breach response costs?

Most cyber-insurance policies cover forensic investigation, notification costs, credit-monitoring services, legal fees, and public-relations expenses. However, coverage depends on your specific policy terms and whether you maintained the security controls required by your policy's conditions. We work directly with your insurer and their appointed breach counsel to ensure that our engagement complies with policy requirements and that documentation supports your claim. Many Raleigh businesses discover gaps in their cyber-insurance coverage only after a breach; we also provide pre-breach insurance reviews to identify and close those gaps proactively.

How long does a typical breach investigation take?

Containment typically occurs within the first twenty-four to forty-eight hours. Preliminary scoping to determine notification obligations usually takes one to two weeks. A comprehensive forensic investigation can take four to eight weeks depending on the size and complexity of the environment. Our AI-accelerated forensic tools significantly compress these timelines compared to traditional manual analysis. We provide ongoing status reports throughout the investigation so your leadership team can make informed decisions at every stage.

Can Petronella Technology Group, Inc. help us prepare for a breach before one happens?

Absolutely. Our breach-readiness program includes incident-response plan development, tabletop exercises that simulate realistic breach scenarios, pre-negotiated retainer agreements that guarantee response-time SLAs, cyber-insurance coverage reviews, employee security awareness training, and technical readiness assessments that ensure your logging, monitoring, and backup infrastructure will support effective response. Organizations with mature breach-readiness programs recover faster, spend less, and face lower regulatory scrutiny than those caught unprepared.

Every Minute Without Expert Response Increases Your Exposure

Whether you are responding to an active breach or building readiness for the future, Petronella Technology Group, Inc.'s forensic team is ready to protect your business, your data, and your reputation. Call us now or schedule a breach-readiness consultation.

Trusted Since 2002 • BBB Accredited Since 2003 • 2,500+ Clients • Raleigh, NC