NIST Compliance Consulting for Federal Contractors and Regulated Industries
The National Institute of Standards and Technology publishes the cybersecurity frameworks that define how federal agencies, government contractors, and security-conscious organizations protect sensitive data. From the Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) and Risk Management Framework (RMF) to NIST 800-171 and NIST 800-53, Petronella Technology Group, Inc. delivers expert NIST consulting that transforms complex federal requirements into implemented, auditable security programs. Our CMMC Certified Registered Practitioner leads every engagement, ensuring your compliance program satisfies assessors, protects your contracts, and strengthens your actual security posture.
BBB Accredited Since 2003 • Founded 2002 • 2,500+ Clients Served • Zero Breaches Among Clients Following Our Security Program
Deep NIST Expertise Across Every Major Framework
NIST frameworks are interconnected, and implementing them correctly requires a team that understands how they map together. Here is why government contractors and regulated organizations trust Petronella.
CMMC Certified Registered Practitioner
Craig Petronella holds the CMMC CRP credential with direct expertise in how NIST 800-171 maps to CMMC 2.0 requirements. This means our team understands exactly what assessors look for during certification assessments and how to prepare your organization to pass on the first attempt.
Multi-Framework Integration
NIST 800-171, NIST CSF, NIST 800-53, RMF, FISMA, DFARS, and CMMC are all interconnected. We build integrated compliance programs that satisfy multiple frameworks simultaneously, eliminating redundant effort and reducing total compliance cost.
Complete Documentation Packages
System Security Plans, Plans of Action and Milestones, security assessment reports, continuous monitoring strategies, and all supporting policies and procedures. We deliver the complete documentation package that federal assessors and contracting officers require.
20+ Years Navigating Federal Requirements
Founded in 2002, Petronella Technology Group, Inc. has guided contractors and organizations through every evolution of federal cybersecurity requirements, from early FISMA mandates to today's CMMC 2.0 certification ecosystem. We have seen what works and what wastes time and money.
What NIST Frameworks Mean for Your Organization
The National Institute of Standards and Technology develops the cybersecurity frameworks, guidelines, and standards that form the backbone of information security in the United States. While NIST standards are voluntary for private-sector organizations, they become mandatory requirements when attached to federal contracts, industry regulations, or state privacy laws. For government contractors, healthcare organizations, financial institutions, and any business handling sensitive federal data, NIST compliance is not optional — it is a prerequisite for doing business.
The NIST landscape is broad, and understanding which frameworks apply to your organization is the first critical step. NIST Special Publication 800-171 governs the protection of Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) in non-federal systems and is the foundation of DFARS 252.204-7012 and CMMC compliance for Department of Defense contractors. NIST SP 800-53 provides the comprehensive security and privacy control catalog used by federal agencies under FISMA and by organizations seeking FedRAMP authorization. The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) offers a flexible, risk-based approach to cybersecurity that organizations of any size can adopt, organized around the five core functions of Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover. The Risk Management Framework (RMF) provides the process for integrating security, privacy, and supply chain risk management into the system development lifecycle.
Petronella Technology Group, Inc. helps organizations navigate this complexity by identifying which NIST frameworks apply to their specific business operations, contracts, and regulatory environment. A defense contractor processing CUI needs NIST 800-171 and CMMC readiness. A federal agency system requires full RMF authorization with NIST 800-53 controls. A healthcare technology company might adopt the NIST CSF as its foundational security framework while also meeting HIPAA requirements. Our team maps your specific obligations, identifies the overlapping requirements across frameworks, and builds a unified compliance program that satisfies all applicable standards without duplicating effort.
Implementation is where most organizations struggle. NIST 800-171 alone contains 110 security requirements across 14 control families, and each requirement demands specific technical configurations, documented policies, trained personnel, and evidence of ongoing compliance. The gap between reading a NIST publication and operating a compliant environment is enormous. Our engineers and compliance specialists bridge that gap by conducting thorough assessments of your current security posture, developing prioritized remediation plans with realistic timelines, implementing the technical controls and configuration changes, writing the policies and procedures, and training your staff to operate within the compliance framework on a daily basis.
Continuous monitoring is the element that separates organizations that achieve compliance from those that maintain it. NIST frameworks are not one-time projects — they require ongoing assessment, monitoring, and improvement. Petronella Technology Group, Inc. implements continuous monitoring programs that include automated vulnerability scanning, security event monitoring through our SIEM platform, regular access reviews, configuration management, incident response testing, and periodic self-assessments. We provide the tools, processes, and expertise to ensure your compliance posture does not degrade between formal assessments. When assessors arrive, your documentation is current, your controls are operating, and your evidence is ready.
Comprehensive NIST Compliance Solutions
From initial gap assessment through ongoing continuous monitoring, we deliver end-to-end NIST compliance services tailored to your specific frameworks and contract requirements.
NIST 800-171 Gap Assessment and Remediation
Our NIST 800-171 assessment evaluates your organization against all 110 security requirements across 14 control families: Access Control, Awareness and Training, Audit and Accountability, Configuration Management, Identification and Authentication, Incident Response, Maintenance, Media Protection, Personnel Security, Physical Protection, Risk Assessment, Security Assessment, System and Communications Protection, and System and Information Integrity. Every requirement is scored, gaps are documented with specific remediation actions, and findings are prioritized by risk and CMMC impact.
The assessment deliverables include a detailed gap analysis report, a scored System Security Plan (SSP) documenting how each requirement is met or planned, a Plan of Action and Milestones (POA&M) with specific remediation tasks and timelines, and a SPRS score calculation for submission to the DoD Supplier Performance Risk System. For organizations pursuing CMMC certification, we align the assessment methodology with CMMC Assessment Guide procedures so you know exactly where you stand before an assessor arrives.
Remediation services include technical implementation of security controls, policy and procedure development, network architecture changes for CUI boundary definition, multi-factor authentication deployment, encryption implementation, endpoint detection and response deployment, SIEM configuration, and staff training on security awareness and CUI handling procedures.
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) Implementation
The NIST Cybersecurity Framework provides a flexible, risk-based approach to managing cybersecurity risk that applies to organizations of any size and sector. We help organizations adopt CSF by developing current-state and target-state profiles across the five core functions: Identify (asset management, risk assessment, governance), Protect (access control, training, data security), Detect (continuous monitoring, anomaly detection), Respond (incident planning, communications, mitigation), and Recover (recovery planning, improvements, communications).
Our CSF implementation begins with a maturity assessment using NIST-defined implementation tiers, from Tier 1 (Partial) through Tier 4 (Adaptive). We work with your leadership team to establish a target tier for each function, develop a prioritized roadmap to reach those targets, and implement the technical and organizational controls needed to achieve them. The CSF provides an excellent foundation that maps directly to more prescriptive frameworks like NIST 800-53, ISO 27001, and HIPAA, making it an ideal starting point for organizations that anticipate future compliance requirements.
Deliverables include a CSF Profile document, risk assessment results, gap analysis, implementation roadmap, and ongoing maturity measurement against your target state.
Risk Management Framework (RMF) Authorization
The NIST Risk Management Framework provides the structured process federal agencies and their contractors use to authorize information systems for operation. RMF replaces the legacy Certification and Accreditation (C&A) process and follows a seven-step lifecycle: Prepare, Categorize, Select, Implement, Assess, Authorize, and Monitor. Each step produces specific artifacts that the Authorizing Official reviews before granting an Authority to Operate (ATO).
Petronella Technology Group, Inc. guides organizations through the complete RMF lifecycle. We begin with system categorization using FIPS 199 and NIST SP 800-60, select appropriate security controls from the NIST 800-53 catalog based on the system's impact level (Low, Moderate, or High), implement those controls across your technical infrastructure and organizational processes, and prepare the Security Assessment Report (SAR) and authorization package. Our team has experience navigating the RMF process across multiple federal agencies and understands the documentation standards and evidence requirements each agency expects.
For organizations operating systems that require continuous ATO (cATO), we implement automated compliance monitoring, vulnerability management, and continuous reporting capabilities that satisfy ongoing authorization requirements without manual evidence collection cycles.
NIST 800-53 Control Implementation
NIST Special Publication 800-53 Revision 5 is the most comprehensive security and privacy control catalog published by the federal government. It contains over 1,000 controls organized into 20 control families, covering everything from access control and audit logging to supply chain risk management and personally identifiable information processing. Federal agencies are required to implement 800-53 controls under FISMA, and many private-sector organizations adopt them voluntarily as a best-practice security framework.
We help organizations select the appropriate control baseline (Low, Moderate, or High) based on system categorization, tailor the baseline to their specific environment, implement each control through technical configuration, process definition, or organizational policy, and document the implementation in a format that satisfies Security Assessment and Authorization (SA&A) requirements. Our implementation methodology ensures each control is not just documented but actually operating effectively and producing the evidence needed for assessment.
For organizations subject to FedRAMP, we align 800-53 implementation with FedRAMP Moderate or High baselines and prepare the documentation package cloud service providers need for Joint Authorization Board (JAB) or agency authorization.
FISMA Compliance and Reporting
The Federal Information Security Modernization Act (FISMA) requires federal agencies and their contractors to develop, document, and implement information security programs based on NIST standards. FISMA compliance is assessed annually through a combination of inspector general audits, continuous diagnostics and mitigation (CDM) metrics, and agency-specific reporting requirements. Non-compliance results in findings that can affect agency funding, contractor eligibility, and system authorization.
Petronella Technology Group, Inc. helps agencies and contractors achieve and maintain FISMA compliance by implementing the required NIST 800-53 controls, establishing continuous monitoring programs that feed agency CDM dashboards, preparing documentation for annual FISMA assessments, remediating findings from inspector general audits and security assessments, and training staff on security responsibilities and incident reporting procedures.
Our FISMA compliance services integrate with your existing RMF authorization process to ensure security assessment documentation serves both authorization and FISMA reporting requirements. No duplicate effort, no conflicting documentation.
Continuous Monitoring and Ongoing Compliance
NIST SP 800-137 establishes the framework for Information Security Continuous Monitoring (ISCM) that transforms compliance from a periodic assessment into an ongoing operational discipline. We implement ISCM programs that include automated vulnerability scanning on defined frequencies, security event monitoring and analysis through SIEM, configuration management and drift detection, access review and privilege management, patch management with compliance tracking, and incident response testing and tabletop exercises.
Our continuous monitoring service provides your organization with real-time visibility into your security and compliance posture. Monthly reports document control effectiveness, vulnerability trends, remediation progress, and any new risks identified. Quarterly reviews with your leadership team ensure the security program evolves with your business, technology changes, and the threat landscape. When assessment time arrives, your documentation is current, your evidence is automated, and your team is prepared.
For defense contractors subject to CMMC, our continuous monitoring program ensures the 110 NIST 800-171 requirements remain implemented and effective between triennial assessments, preventing the compliance degradation that catches many organizations off guard when reassessment time arrives.
From Assessment to Authority to Operate
A proven methodology refined over 20+ years and 2,500+ client engagements. We get your NIST compliance program implemented right.
Scoping and Gap Assessment
We identify which NIST frameworks apply to your organization based on contracts, regulations, and business objectives. Then we conduct a thorough gap assessment against applicable requirements, evaluating your current technical controls, policies, procedures, and documentation. Every finding is scored, prioritized by risk, and mapped to specific remediation actions. For DoD contractors, this includes calculating your SPRS score and identifying the delta between your current state and CMMC certification readiness.
Timeline: 2-4 weeks • Deliverable: Gap Assessment Report, SSP Draft, POA&M, SPRS Score
Remediation and Implementation
Our engineers implement the technical controls identified in the gap assessment: network segmentation and CUI boundary definition, multi-factor authentication, encryption at rest and in transit, endpoint detection and response, SIEM deployment and tuning, access control systems, audit logging, vulnerability scanning, and security configuration hardening. Simultaneously, our compliance team develops the policies, procedures, and training materials your organization needs to satisfy the administrative and organizational requirements.
Timeline: 8-16 weeks • Deliverable: Implemented Controls, Policies, Procedures, Training
Assessment Readiness and Validation
Before any formal assessment, we conduct an internal validation that mirrors the assessor's methodology. For CMMC, this means a mock assessment using the CMMC Assessment Guide procedures. For RMF, this means preparing the complete authorization package including the Security Assessment Report. We verify every control is operating effectively, documentation is complete and accurate, evidence is readily available, and your team can articulate how controls work during assessor interviews. Any gaps identified during validation are remediated before the formal assessment begins.
Timeline: 2-4 weeks • Deliverable: Validated SSP, Complete Evidence Packages, Assessment-Ready Documentation
Continuous Monitoring and Maintenance
Achieving compliance is a milestone, not the finish line. We establish continuous monitoring programs that maintain your compliance posture through automated scanning, ongoing security event analysis, regular access reviews, patch management, configuration drift detection, and periodic reassessment. Monthly reports keep leadership informed. Quarterly reviews ensure the program evolves with your business. When triennial reassessment or annual FISMA reporting arrives, you are ready because compliance has been an ongoing operation, not a scramble.
Timeline: Ongoing • Deliverable: Monthly Compliance Reports, Quarterly Reviews, Reassessment Readiness
The NIST Compliance Partner That Delivers Results
Practitioner-Led Engagements
Every NIST compliance engagement is led by credentialed practitioners, not junior analysts reading checklists. Our CMMC CRP and experienced compliance engineers understand both the technical requirements and the business context of federal compliance.
Implementation, Not Just Assessment
Many consultants hand you a gap assessment report and wish you luck. We implement the remediation: deploying the technical controls, writing the policies, configuring the monitoring systems, and training your staff. You get a working compliance program, not a stack of recommendations.
Zero-Breach Track Record
Across 2,500+ clients and 20+ years, no client following our security program has experienced a data breach. Our NIST implementations are not compliance theater — they are real security programs that protect your data, your contracts, and your reputation.
Cross-Framework Expertise
NIST is often just one piece of your compliance puzzle. We also deliver HIPAA, PCI DSS, SOX, ISO 27001, GDPR, and CCPA compliance, building integrated programs that reduce duplication.
Managed Security Infrastructure
We do not just advise on NIST controls — we operate them. Our managed cybersecurity services provide the SIEM, EDR, vulnerability management, and 24/7 monitoring that many NIST requirements demand, eliminating the need to build these capabilities in-house.
Local Raleigh Presence
Headquartered in Raleigh, NC, we serve organizations across the Research Triangle and southeastern United States. Local presence means on-site assessments, face-to-face strategy sessions, and a team that understands the regional defense contracting and technology landscape.
NIST Compliance FAQs
What is the difference between NIST 800-171 and NIST 800-53?
NIST SP 800-53 is the comprehensive security and privacy control catalog used primarily by federal agencies under FISMA. It contains over 1,000 controls across 20 families. NIST SP 800-171 is a derived subset of 800-53 controls specifically designed for non-federal organizations that handle Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). It contains 110 requirements across 14 families. If you are a federal agency or operating a federal information system, you need 800-53. If you are a government contractor handling CUI under DFARS, you need 800-171. Many organizations need both if they operate contractor systems and also manage federal agency systems.
How does NIST 800-171 relate to CMMC?
CMMC 2.0 Level 2 is directly mapped to the 110 security requirements in NIST SP 800-171. The difference is verification: under the current DFARS rule, contractors self-attest to NIST 800-171 compliance through SPRS scoring. Under CMMC, Level 2 requires assessment by a Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO) for contractors handling prioritized CUI. Achieving NIST 800-171 compliance is the foundation of CMMC Level 2 certification. Petronella Technology Group, Inc. prepares organizations for both self-assessment and C3PAO certification using the same rigorous methodology.
What is an SPRS score and why does it matter?
The Supplier Performance Risk System (SPRS) score is a numeric representation of your NIST 800-171 compliance status, ranging from -203 (no controls implemented) to +110 (full compliance). DoD contractors are required to submit their SPRS score and maintain a current assessment. Contracting officers can review SPRS scores during source selection, and a low or missing score can disqualify your organization from contract awards. Petronella Technology Group, Inc. calculates your SPRS score during our gap assessment, develops a remediation plan to improve it, and helps you submit accurate scores that reflect your actual security posture.
What is the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and who should use it?
The NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) is a voluntary framework that provides a common language and systematic methodology for managing cybersecurity risk. Unlike prescriptive standards like 800-171, the CSF is flexible and risk-based, making it suitable for organizations of any size across any sector. It is organized around five core functions: Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover. Organizations use it as their primary cybersecurity governance framework, as a communication tool between technical and business stakeholders, and as a mapping layer that connects to more specific frameworks. If you are not sure where to start with cybersecurity, the CSF is usually the right answer.
How long does NIST 800-171 compliance take?
Timeline depends on your starting point and the complexity of your environment. Organizations with existing security programs and some controls already in place typically achieve full NIST 800-171 compliance in three to six months. Organizations starting from scratch or with significant infrastructure gaps may need six to twelve months. The assessment phase takes two to four weeks. Technical remediation is the longest phase at eight to sixteen weeks, depending on the scope of changes needed. Our approach prioritizes the highest-risk gaps first so your security posture improves immediately, even while the full program is still being implemented.
What is the Risk Management Framework (RMF)?
The Risk Management Framework is the structured process defined in NIST SP 800-37 that federal agencies use to authorize information systems for operation. It follows seven steps: Prepare (establish context), Categorize (determine system impact level), Select (choose security controls from 800-53), Implement (deploy the controls), Assess (evaluate control effectiveness), Authorize (the Authorizing Official grants ATO), and Monitor (continuous monitoring for ongoing authorization). RMF is mandatory for federal information systems and for contractor systems that operate on behalf of agencies. The process produces a comprehensive authorization package that the Authorizing Official uses to make a risk-based decision about whether the system can operate.
Can you help with FedRAMP compliance?
Yes. FedRAMP is built on NIST 800-53 controls with additional requirements specific to cloud service providers. We help cloud service providers prepare for FedRAMP Moderate and High authorization by implementing the required control baselines, developing the System Security Plan and supporting documentation, preparing for Third-Party Assessment Organization (3PAO) assessment, and establishing the continuous monitoring program required to maintain authorization. Our experience with NIST 800-53 across multiple federal agency contexts means we understand the control implementation standards FedRAMP assessors expect.
Do we need NIST compliance if we are not a government contractor?
While NIST frameworks are mandatory for federal agencies and government contractors, many private-sector organizations adopt them voluntarily because they represent cybersecurity best practices recognized worldwide. The NIST Cybersecurity Framework is widely adopted across healthcare, financial services, energy, and technology sectors as a governance and risk management tool. Cyber insurance providers increasingly reference NIST CSF in their underwriting questionnaires. Many state privacy laws and industry regulations reference NIST standards. And if your organization ever plans to pursue government contracts, having NIST-aligned security practices already in place dramatically reduces the timeline and cost of achieving mandatory compliance.
Ready to Build a NIST Compliance Program That Passes Assessment?
Stop guessing whether your security controls meet federal requirements. Schedule a free NIST compliance consultation with our credentialed practitioners and get a clear roadmap to full compliance — whether you need NIST 800-171 for CMMC, the Cybersecurity Framework for organizational security, or RMF authorization for federal systems.
BBB Accredited Since 2003 • Founded 2002 • 2,500+ Clients Served • Zero Breaches Among Clients Following Our Security Program